T

Time stamp

For some applications in cryptography (e.g. liable digital signatures) it is important to know the exact point in time at which certain data existed. This is why a time stamp is attached (and signed of course) to the messages concerned.

Timing Attack

Timing attacks try to gain information about the private key by simple time measurements. E.g. the time for a digital signature could depend on the number of one-bits in the private key.

TLS

The TLS (transport layer security) protocol permits client/server applications confidential and tamper-proof communication. TLS is application protocol-independent; higher-level protocols can layer on top of the TLS protocol transparently. Based on SSL 3.0, TLS supercedes and is an extension of SSL. TLS and SSL are not interoperable.

Token

See Cryptographic Token.

TokenD

To support login with a smart card on Mac OS X, the card must support signing with a public key. In addition, the card itself must have a plugin, known as a tokend, that can communicate with securityd and the card itself.

charismathics interprets cryptographic interfaces

see iEnigma on charismathics YouTube channel

Cryptographic interfaces are used in computer platforms to shield the platform itself and to transfer data from a secure platform to another. The identification computer cryptographic interfaces are a few: first of all PKCS#11 - this is for all computer platforms and a standard in the identification world; Microsoft has developed the computer cryptographic platform called Cryptographic API that is served by a mini-driver or by a cryptographic service provider. Apple has developed a computer API called SecurityD that is served by a crypto API called TokenD.

More security terms are explained in the Silicon Trust video glossary.

"This interview was produced by Security-News.tv, a KOBN broadcast communication channel"

Token Management System

A management system is the framework of processes and procedures used to ensure that an token can fullfill all tasks required to achieve its objectives.

Trapdoor Function

A trapdoor function is a function f which can be calculated easily, but for which it is not possible without the secret key to calculate an argument x with f(x)=y. Trapdoor functions are potential candidates for asymmetric cryptographic systems.

Triple-DES (3-DES)

The DES algorithm is employed three times in a row with different keys. There are different versions, which distinguish themselves by e.g. the number of employed keys. The most common method (also standardized by ANSI) is the EDE procedure. In this procedure, the 1st key is used for encryption, the 2nd for decryption, and then the 1st key is used again for encryption. The effective key length in this case is therefore 112 bit. But also versions exist with 3 different keys, i.e. 168-bit key length.

Trojan Horse

This is the name of a program which, in addition to its basic function, comprises another unknown function, e.g. to send passwords via email to the internet. In contrast to a virus such a program is not self-replicating.

Trust Center

A trust center is a commercial establishment that issues certificates, such as Verisign, Geotrust or Thawte. Additional services can include directory, revocation and time-stamp services. In many countries, T.C. combine the functions of certificate distribution and a certification authority.

Two-factor Authentication

(T-FA) is any authentication protocol that requires two independent ways to establish identity and privileges. This contrasts with traditional password authentication, which requires only one factor (knowledge of a password) in order to gain access to a system.

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